While i could explain my method for canning, I don't want to be sued if anyone gets sick, so here I will give you the links to sites I trust for canning instructions & tutorials.
Ball - Fresh Preserving
This site has tutorials for low-acid and high-acid canning, the processes ARE different. And you do NOT need a pressure canner for everything, but it does seem necessary for low-acid foods such as green beans and other veggies.
(More to be added later)